poʻo-0525b

nūhou

Hiki i nā e-cigarettes ke hoʻololi i ka paka e kōkua i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhi paka?

Ua hoʻokuʻu ka pūnaewele mana o ke aupuni Pelekane i ka "Vaping in England: 2021 hōʻuluʻulu hōʻuluʻulu hōʻike hōʻike" i Malaki i kēia makahiki.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike ʻo ka e-cigarettes ke kōkua maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e haʻalele i ka puhi paka ma UK ma 2020. Ma United Kingdom, 27.2% o nā mea puhi paka e hoʻohana i ka e-cigarettes e kōkua i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhi paka.

E pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka e-cigarettes i ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uahi, ʻo ka hopena hilinaʻi loa mai ka hui olakino honua ʻo Cochrane.ʻO kēia hui waiwai ʻole i kapa ʻia no ka hanohano o Archiebald L. Cochrane, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā hōʻike, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1993. ʻO ia ka hui hoʻonaʻauao kūʻokoʻa mana loa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā hōʻike ma ka honua.I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 37,000 mau mea manawaleʻa ma mua o 170 mau ʻāina.

I ʻOkakopa 2020, ua alakaʻi ʻo Cochrane i 50 mau noiʻi lapaʻau e pili ana i nā hōʻike ʻoihana ma luna o 10,000 mau mea puhi paka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.ʻOkoʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau empirical, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā hōʻike e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma luna o nā hōʻike noiʻi ʻepekema maikaʻi loa.No laila, ʻaʻole e hana wale ka noiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui-sample randomized controlled clinical trials, systematic reviews, a me meta-analysis, akā e puʻunaue i ka pae o nā hōʻike i loaʻa e like me nā kūlana, he mea koʻikoʻi loa.

Ma kēia haʻawina, ua loaʻa iā Cochrane he 50 mau haʻawina mai 13 mau ʻāina me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e pili ana i 12,430 mau kanaka puhi paka.Hōʻike ka hopena i ka hopena o ka e-cigarette i ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka puhi paka, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena ma mua o ka nicotine replacement therapy.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2019, ua kuhikuhi ʻo University College London e hiki i nā e-cigarettes ke kōkua i ka 50,000-70,000 mau mea puhi puhi Pelekane e haʻalele i ka puhi paka i kēlā me kēia makahiki.Ua hōʻike pū ʻia nā mea noiʻi mai ke Kulanui Lapaʻau ʻo Vienna ma Austria, ʻo ka nui o ka holomua o ka poʻe puhi paka e hoʻohana ana i ka e-cigarettes no ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhi paka he 1.69 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe puhi puhi e hoʻohana nei i ka nicotine replacement therapy.

nūhou (3)


Ka manawa kau: Nov-09-2021